In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study, endothelial dysfunction was measured by circulating CAMs, namely sICAM-1, VCAM-1, P-selectin, E-selectin, and fractalkine in calendar years 1992–1993 and 2000–2001, whereas cognitive test scores were obtained during 2010–2011. The gene discussed is VCAM1; the disease is endothelial dysfunction.