ERVW-1 and infection: Efforts to define the correlates of reduced infection risk in RV144 revealed that IgG antibody responses to the HIV-1 envelope (Env) variable loop 1 and variable loop 2 (V1–V2) epitopes were associated with a lower risk of infection, as were antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating IgG antibodies with low IgA antibodies against Env subunit gp120 (refs 7, 8, 9, 10).