MPNST tumor lines from human and mouse have been used to elucidate the mechanism of action of neurofibromin [40]; study the role of tyrosine kinase receptors [41–47], growth factors [48–50], p53 [51, 52], microRNAs [30, 53], and sex hormones [54–56] in MPNST biology; and examine the effects of chemotherapy [57–67] and viral therapy [68–71] as potential treatments for MPNST. This evidence concerns the gene NF1 and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.