Similarly, polymorphisms in the osteopontin gene have also been identified as an important genetic modifier of disease severity in DMD [29], whilst polymorphisms in TGF-β receptor 2 are strong predictors of osteopontin mRNA levels, highlighting a link between osteopontin, inflammation, and TGF-β signalling in DMD [30]. The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is Duchenne muscular dystrophy.