VEGFA and neoplasm: During tumour growth, oxygen and nutrient deprivation arises not only in the tumour but also in the surrounding tissues, triggering the release of angiogenic growth factors and cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8).