In conclusion, our present study show that αCSα/–SEA, SEA, -α3.7/–SEA, and -α4.2/–SEA are the main genetype identified in α-thalassemia children in Guangxi Province, and hypogonadism, growth retardation and hypoparathyroidism are the most common endocrine complications in children with α-thalassemia. This evidence concerns the gene ACSS2 and hypogonadism.