INS and lung cancer: In addition, purine and ether lipid metabolism; GnRH, ErbB, and insulin signaling; adherens junctions; regulation of autophagy; snare interaction in vesicular transport; and cell cycle were also found to play important roles (Table 4) [77–91], whereas six pathways (aminosugars metabolism, dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy, melanoma, N-glycan biosynthesis, renal cell carcinoma, and glioma) were predicted here for the first time as being significant pathways in smoking-induced lung cancer.