The probe intensity of Atg16L1 was significantly decreased in the liver of NASH patients (NAFLD 3 and NAFLD 4) compared to fatty liver patients (NAFLD 1 and NAFLD 2) (Supplemental Figure 3), and no significant difference of expression was observed for Atg5 and Atg7 in the liver of NAFLD patients (data not shown). This evidence concerns the gene ATG16L1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.