Real-time qPCR analysis showed that endogenous pluripotency marker genes, including OCT3/4, SOX2, NANOG, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), and DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B), were activated in human iPSCs to a similar extent as those in control human ESCs (SEES2) (Figure 2C), and the transgenes were fully silenced in AF-T21-iPSCs and AF-TTTS-iPSCs. This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and atrial fibrillation.