PDX1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 19 genes differentially expressed (FDR ≤ 0.05, fold change ≥ 1.5) in T2D as compared to ND islets, including GLUT2, ARG2, PPA1R1A; in addition, systems biology approaches identified HNF1A, PDX1, and REST as drivers of gene co-expression modules correlated with impaired insulin secretion, that were enriched in 14 out of the 19 differentially expressed genes.