E.g., single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) E23K (i.e., rs5219) of KCNJ11 gene is associated with T2D risk (reviewed in [11]), is shown to result in a decrease or loss of sensitivity of KATP channel to the inhibitory effect of ATP [12] and/or an enhancement of activation by free fatty acids [13]. Here, KCNJ11 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.