Therefore, AtBRCA1 and AtBARD1 can efficiently repair DNA interstrand cross-linked adducts generated by mitomycin C. On Figure 11 is shown the effect of SSB accumulation during the early stages of base excision repair (BER) recovery in Arabidopsis plants due to PARP1 impairment either by a knockout mutation leading to AtPARP1 or by two PARP1 inhibitors, the selective PARP1 inhibitor AG14361, developed by Pfizer for the sensitization of human breast cancer cells prior to irradiation treatment, or the non-specific PARP inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3-ABA). This evidence concerns the gene PARP1 and breast cancer.