In prostate cancer, cigarette smoking-induced methylation of genes such as aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1), claudin 5 (CLDN5), early B-cell factor 1 (EBF1), homeobox A7 (HOXA7), lectin galactoside-binding soluble 3 (LGALS3), microtubule-associated protein τ (MAPT), protocadherin γ A (PCDHGA)/protocadherin γ B (PCDHGB), paraoxonase 3 (PON3), synaptonemal complex protein 2 like (SYCP2L), and zinc finger and SCAN domain containing 12 (ZSCAN12) was associated with a higher risk of recurrence and mortality [60]. Here, PON3 is linked to Familial prostate cancer.