In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), exosomes have for example been shown to export misfolded mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) [151,152]; in relation to ALS and Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) to export TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) [153,154]; and there is increasing evidence emerging for critical roles for miRNA transport in the pathogenesis of FTD-ALS [155,156]. This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.