Variants in the MYC upstream region contribute to inherited susceptibility to most major forms of human cancer, and account for a very large number of cancer cases at the population level (Amundadottir et al., 2006; Gudmundsson et al., 2007; Yeager et al., 2007; Al Olama et al., 2009; Yeager et al., 2009). The gene discussed is MYC; the disease is cancer.