We found that 27 WT mice developed colon tumors (96%, 27/28), including adenomas in 14 mice (50%, 14/28) and adenocarcinomas in 21 mice (75%, 21/28); whereas, only 17 SphK1 KO mice developed colon tumors (59%, P < 0.001 vs. WT mice), including adenomas in 7 mice (24%, P < 0.05 vs. WT mice) and adenocarcinomas in 14 mice (48%, P < 0.05 vs. WT mice) (Fig. 1a). This evidence concerns the gene SPHK1 and adenoma.