CCL2 and viral infectious disease: By contrast, ileal transcription of CCL2, CCL3, CCL19, and CXCL10 correlated with local SIV DNA (r = 0.69, 0.55, 0.76, and 0.61; p = 0.01, 0.04, 0.001, and 0.02, respectively; Figure S2 in Supplementary Material) and SIV RNA loads in SIV-infected monkeys (r = 0.57, 0.64, 0.66, and 0.65; p = 0.03, 0.02, 0.009, and 0.01, respectively; Figure S2 in Supplementary Material), suggesting a direct role for viral infection in increasing the transcription of these chemokines.