One of these genes encodes for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor II which is a serine/threonine receptor kinase and has previously been shown to be involved in molecular pathogenesis of hematological malignancies including acute myelomonocytic leukemia, acute promyelocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma as well as CLL [46, 47]. This evidence concerns the gene BMPR1B and AL amyloidosis.