Our univariate analysis revealed that an age ≥ 50, AFP ≥ 400 ng/mL, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 80 IU/L, multiple tumors, macroscopic vascular invasion, liver cirrhosis, and a tumor size greater than 5 cm were all statistically significant predictors of poor survival in HBV-related HCC patients (Table 3). Here, AFP is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.