As Figure 1(b) delineated, the P value was less than 0.001 for Kruskal-Wallis H test and the results of multiple comparisons post hoc tests revealed that there were statistically significant differences for IL-31 mRNA level between CA/AA genotypes in DCM and CA/AA genotypes in controls, CC genotype in DCM and CA/AA genotypes in controls, CA/AA genotypes in DCM and CC genotype in controls, and CC genotype in DCM and CC genotype in controls (P < 0.001, resp). Here, IL31 is linked to familial dilated cardiomyopathy.