GSK3β is associated with various neurodegenerative diseases including AD and PD.33 GSK3β activation is involved in both neurotoxin-induced and genetic factor-induced DA neuronal loss.34 Accordingly, the active form of GSK3β (p-GSK3β Tyr216) is increased in the striatum of postmortem samples of PD.35 In addition, MPTP animals show the hyperphosphorylation of Tyr216 and dephosphorylation of Ser9 in GSK3β. Here, GSK3B is linked to Alzheimer disease.