BRCA1 and breast carcinoma: Kontorovich et al. [20] observed BRCA1 promoter methylation in 3 (6.3%) of 48 BRCA1-related breast carcinomas, and Tapia et al. [17] observed BRCA1 promoter methylation in 2 (66.7%) of 3 observed BRCA1-related breast carcinomas.