Recent studies have demonstrated that ECT in schizophrenia patients alters cerebral blood flow in the prefrontal cortex (PFC),6 increases structural network strength in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) network and lateral prefrontal/cingulate cortical network,7 increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels,8, 9 and improves psychotic symptoms. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is schizophrenia.