INS and Insulin resistance: Low melatonin secretion levels are associated with elevated risk for hyperglycaemia and type 2 diabetes.12,18 Importantly, removal of the melatonin receptor (MT1) significantly impairs the ability of mice to metabolise glucose and induces insulin resistance in these animals,14 while melatonin administration improves glucose homeostasis in insulin-resistant animals.11,13,21-24 However, the mechanism underlying the role of melatonin in glucose homeostasis is complex and not well understood.25