Impairment of insulin-stimulated glucose transport is considered the most consistent change that develops early in the hearts of animal models of insulin resistance.26 Since GLUT4 is the most prominent glucose transporter in differentiated cardiomyocytes,49 our data underscore the importance of further investigation analysing the expression of intermediates of insulin signal transduction and the effects of melatonin treatment thereupon in cardiomyocytes isolated from treated control and obese hearts. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.