Given the potent effect of TLR8 agonists in inducing neutrophil-derived CCL23, and its negative regulation by IFNα, data also contribute to extend our knowledge on the complex role of neutrophils to both host defense and disease in response to viral infections (Tamassia and Cassatella, 2013; Galani and Andreakos, 2015). The gene discussed is TLR8; the disease is viral infectious disease.