Accordingly, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-overexpressing mice display attenuated isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy (Ozaki et al., 2002), while eNOS knockout mice show a higher incidence of early afterdepolarization events associated with contractile dysfunction (Barouch et al., 2002; Wang et al., 2008). Here, NOS3 is linked to cardiac hypertrophy.