While EGFR and ALK kinase inhibitors as standard-of-care first-line targeted therapy for EGFR-mutated/ALK-rearranged NSCLC patients began in 2004 and 2011, respectively, in the US, for China, the genotype-guided therapy started since 2006 and 2013, respectively (Cohen et al. 2005; Sasaki and Janne 2011). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.