Indeed, NOXA was even required for optimal starvation‐induced autophagy of melanoma cells and the authors speculated that a dynamic balance between MCL1/NOXA and MCL1/Beclin‐1 complexes may regulate ‘autophagy or apoptosis’ decisions during nutrient starvation, with ERK‐driven expression of NOXA favouring autophagy to facilitate tumour cell survival under nutrient‐poor conditions 72. This evidence concerns the gene PMAIP1 and melanoma.