TLR9 and melanoma: In a randomized phase II trial, 75 patients with melanoma associated antigen (MAGE)-A3-positive stage III/IV melanoma were treated with MAGE-A3 protein in combination with either AS15, a novel immunostimulant containing a TLR-9 agonist, or AS02b, a different immunostimulant containing a TLR-4 agonist [73].