AFP and renal agenesis: 1998). As an average, the existence of a congenital defect has been detected in one out of every 500 pregnancies with this study in the whole country. The program coverage has exceeded 95% of the country's pregnant women since 1995, (Marcheco‐Teruel 2009b). Between 2 and 3% of the elevated AFP correspond to structural closure defects, including those of neural tubes, congenital anterior abdominal walls and others such as bilateral renal agenesis (Llamos‐Paneque et al. 2007).