To achieve this objective, protein and gene expression experiments, together with ELISA assays, were performed on lung, intercostal (IC) artery and serum samples from COPD patients, non-obstructed smokers (NOS) and never-smokers (NS).The correlation between the immunostaining of PARC in both tissues (lung and systemic arteries) and their intimal thickening were studied. This evidence concerns the gene CCL18 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.