LCN2 and acute kidney injury: In the setting of AKI, uNGAL has been demonstrated to rise 24–48 hours before sCr and to more accurately differentiate AKI from prerenal azotemia.[20] Consequently, the fractionation of patients with elevated serum creatinine levels into 2 different diagnostic categories (NGAL+/Cr+, NGAL-/Cr+) demonstrates patients will respond to fluid therapy and those that will not.