The early anti-TNF, early IM, and late therapy groups differed significantly in family history of IBD (15.2% vs. 7.0% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.009), use of systemic corticosteroids (82.3% vs. 68.9% vs. 77.7%, P < 0.001), treatment with IMs (91.1% vs. 100% vs. 95.4%, P < 0.001), and treatment with anti-TNF agents (100% vs. 0% vs. 50.5%, P < 0.001). Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.