TRPV4 and congestive heart failure: TRPV4 is widely expressed in the cardiovascular system with functional existence in endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and cardiac fibroblasts.23, 24, 25, 26, 27 Activation of TRPV4 has been found to be involved in cardiac remodeling, pulmonary hypertension, blood pressure regulation and congestive heart failure.28, 29, 30, 31, 32 Our previous study has highlighted that TRPV4 have important roles in myocardial I/R-induced injury.7 In this study, we explored the mechanism underlying TRPV4-mediated myocardial I/R injury.