Our study showed that patients with higher levels of AFP, AFP-L3, AFP-L3/AFP ratio, and ALT have higher risk of developing HCC than those with normal levels of these markers, suggesting that these four markers are potential precursors of HCC in hepatic cirrhosis patients and that serum AFP, AFP-L3, AFP-L3/AFP ratio, and ALT may be useful markers for indicating the development of HCC. The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.