TGFB1 and neoplasm: We also showed that 5 days after the tumour graft the absolute number of Trm in the tumour decreased in mice in which the vaccine was combined with anti-TGFβ mAb (P<0.05 by non-parametric Mann–Whitney) (Fig. 5c).When TC1 tumour cells were grafted at day 30 after immunization, more than 60% of mice died when they received the vaccine combined with the anti-TGFβ mAb, while mice that received the vaccine alone had an overall survival of 60% (P=0.049 by Log-rank test) (Fig. 5d).