BMP2 and Alzheimer disease: The effect of human AD-MSC therapy likely occurs in a paracrine manner by the secretion of various bone-related growth factors, e.g., hepatocyte growth factor, BMP-2, and RANKL, and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, e.g., fibronectin, which might promote osteogenic differentiation, bone remodeling and repair in the recipients [124].