Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement was described in 3–7% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and it was predominantly associated with adenocarcinoma (AD) type, early age of diagnosis (median 52 years), as well as never or light smoking history (<10 pack-years) [1–4]. This evidence concerns the gene ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma.