Recently, Yin et al. has demonstrated that the PPARγ activator pioglitazone ameliorates ischemia-induced cerebrovascular endothelial cell death both in vitro and in vivo, and adenoviral-driven PPARγ gain-of-function bolsters this pioglitazone-driven cytoprotection in cultured murine cerebrovascular endothelial cells9. The gene discussed is PPARG; the disease is ischemia.