TNF and tuberculosis: By increasing the dose of inoculation to induce more severe disease or by using more susceptible candidate strains, such as C3HeB/FeJ (Lanoix et al., 2015; Henao-Tamayo et al., 2015; Li et al., 2015), TNF-α or IFN-γ knockout mice (Ehlers et al., 2001; Manca et al., 2001; Turner and Orme, 2004; Green et al., 2013; Dorhoi et al., 2014; Francisco et al., 2015; Olleros et al., 2015), the onset of TB and evaluation process in mice could be accelerated above that of C57BL/6 or BALB/c.