Of note, although administration of DS alone at low doses (e.g., 0.1 μM) did not significantly induced apoptosis (P=0.52, compared with untreated control), combined treatment with Cu (1 μM) led to a marked increase in apoptosis of CD34+ AML cells (Figure 5a; P=0.009 for DS/Cu versus untreated control). This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and acute myeloid leukemia.