Bladder carcinomas frequently overexpress, or carry mutations and/or copy number variations in FGFR genes (primarily FGFR-3).2 However, genetic changes in FGFR-3 are more common in superficial, rather than invasive bladder carcinomas,2 which may overexpress FGF-2. Here, FGF2 is linked to urinary bladder carcinoma.