PARP1 and proximal spinal muscular atrophy: In particular, we analysed a set of U12 intron-containing genes, that were shown to be sensitive to SMN deficiency in mammalian SMA cells, including patient cells (Atxn10, Mapk8, Parp1, Vps16, C19orf54, Thoc2, Clcn7, Harsl, Tmem41b)16,17.