In vitro, three potent inducers of autophagy, fluphenazine, methotrimeprazine and 10-(4′-(N-diethylamino)butyl)-2-chlorophenoxazine, efficiently enhance ALS mutant TDP-43A315T aggregate clearance and improved survival of murine primary cortical neurons overexpressing TDP-43A315T as well as iPSC-derived motor neurons and astrocytes carrying the pathogenic M337V TDP-43 mutation (Barmada et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.