IGF1 and glomerulonephritis: Other candidate cytokines such as insulin-like growth factor-1, platelet-activating factor, transforming growth factor-β, and plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein-1 had been reported to play a role in the pathogenesis of glomerulonephritis in MPN patients, though a definite role for these factors has not been established [2, 4, 5, 14].