Moreover, given that FGF19 is also amplified or over-expressed in oesophageal, lung, breast and colon cancers, the mechanism by which FGF19 promotes tumorigenesis through the IL-6/STAT3 cascade may be more broadly applicable to multiple tumour types, and the pharmacological treatment strategy proposed here might be applicable to a wide spectrum of patients whose tumours rely on the constitutive engagement of this pathway. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and neoplasm.