The emerging evidence points to a key role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases 22, 23, 24 and, notably, a consistent relationship was found between IL‐18 and various components of metabolic syndrome such as obesity 12, 21, insulin resistance 18, 25, lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia 20, 26, hypertension 27, 28, atherosclerosis 19, 29, cardiovascular disease 30, 31, and T2D‐associated nephropathy 32, 33. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.