PPARD and neoplasm: Moreover, according to some previous studies, we found that many alkaloids were identified to have PPARs agonistic activity: picrasidine C and picrasidine N (Zhao et al., 2016a; Zhao et al., 2016b), isolated from the root of Picrasma quassioides, were identified to have PPARα and PPARβ agonistic activity respectively (Zhao et al., 2016a; Zhao et al., 2016b); evodiamine, an indole alkaloid extracted from the Chinese medicine evodia, has been shown to inhibit tumor cell invasion and protect the cardiovascular system through activating PPARγ (Ge et al., 2015).