The involvement of active phosphorylation-dependent mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK), stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) and p38 kinase expression in PD and Dementia with Lewy bodies have been reported by Ferrer et al. (2001). The gene discussed is MAPK8; the disease is Parkinson disease.