Our findings differ from previous study due to TNFα levels; precisely, in the study by Tandon et al. (2009[37]) small increase observed in serum TNFα, was an unexpected finding after the probiotic therapy which could be anticipated to reduce the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators; although there were no significant adverse events of probiotic administration in patients with liver disease either in the current study or in previous ones (Rayes et al., 2002[30], 2005[31]; Lata et al., 2007[21]) there is a probability that an increase in the production of TNFα may represent harmful effects. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and liver disorder.