TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: TNFα is also responsible for the pathogenesis of NAFLD via effecting on mitochondrial radical formation which might finally lead to cell death (Tilg and Diehl, 2000[39]; Peralta and Rosello-Catafau, 2004[28]); on the other hand, intestinal flora has also a significant role in production of cytokines (Solga and Diehl, 2003[36]).